{"id":8735,"date":"2024-09-26T22:39:54","date_gmt":"2025-02-04T03:39:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.nsira-ossnr.gc.ca\/reviews\/our-reviews\/review-of-the-communications-security-establishments-use-of-the-polygraph-for-security-screening\/report-2\/"},"modified":"2025-02-25T08:51:13","modified_gmt":"2025-02-25T13:51:13","slug":"backgrounder","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/nsira-ossnr.gc.ca\/fr\/examens\/nos-examens\/21-05\/fiche-dinformation-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Review of the Communications Security Establishment\u2019s Use of the Polygraph for Security Screening: Backgrounder"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\n Examen de L\u2019utilisation des Tests Polygraphiques Par le Centre de la S\u00e9curit\u00e9 des T\u00e9l\u00e9communications Pour les Enqu\u00eates de S\u00e9curit\u00e9 <\/h1>\n\n
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\n Fiche d'information <\/h2>\n \n \n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
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Fiche d'information<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

En 2021, l\u2019OSSNR a entam\u00e9 son examen de l\u2019utilisation du polygraphe par le Centre de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des t\u00e9l\u00e9communications (CST) pour le filtrage de s\u00e9curit\u00e9. Cet examen a \u00e9galement port\u00e9 sur le r\u00f4le du Secr\u00e9tariat du Conseil du Tr\u00e9sor (SCT) dans l\u2019inclusion des tests polygraphiques dans la Norme sur le filtrage de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 introduite en 2014.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le gouvernement du Canada a recours au polygraphe comme outil de filtrage de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 depuis la guerre froide. Lorsque le Service canadien du renseignement de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 (SCRS) a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 utiliser le polygraphe, en 1984, l\u2019organe de surveillance de l\u2019\u00e9poque, le Comit\u00e9 de surveillance des activit\u00e9s de renseignement de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 (CSARS), en a critiqu\u00e9 l\u2019utilisation pour le contr\u00f4le des milliers de Canadiens employ\u00e9s par le SCRS. Le CSARS s\u2019est interrog\u00e9 plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment sur les fondements scientifiques autorisant le recours aux tests polygraphiques en tant que moyen l\u00e9gitime, efficace et \u00e9quitable de juger de la loyaut\u00e9 des Canadiens, mais aussi sur la justification quant \u00e0 l\u2019application g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de ce qui est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme un outil particuli\u00e8rement intrusif.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En 2019, l\u2019OSSNR a r\u00e9alis\u00e9 un examen visant la Direction de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 interne du SCRS, lequel abordait le recours, par le Service, aux tests polygraphiques pour le filtrage de s\u00e9curit\u00e9. En cours d\u2019examen, l\u2019OSSNR a constat\u00e9 plusieurs lacunes dans le programme du SCRS, notamment :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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  • les r\u00e9percussions sur la sant\u00e9 mentale et les r\u00e9sultats in\u00e9gaux pour les sujets soumis aux tests polygraphiques;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • l\u2019influence inappropri\u00e9e du polygraphe sur la prise de d\u00e9cision en mati\u00e8re de filtrage de s\u00e9curit\u00e9;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • la collecte inutile de renseignements m\u00e9dicaux;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • l\u2019absence d\u2019une justification politique centralis\u00e9e de la part du SCT quant aux raisons pour lesquelles le Canada devrait utiliser cet outil.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Au CST, l\u2019OSSNR a constat\u00e9 plusieurs lacunes ressemblant fortement, voire exactement \u00e0 celles qui avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 relev\u00e9es pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment, au SCRS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Pendant la r\u00e9alisation de cet examen, la priorit\u00e9 de l\u2019OSSNR a toujours \u00e9t\u00e9 claire : d\u00e9terminer si la vie priv\u00e9e des employ\u00e9s et des employ\u00e9s potentiels du CST ainsi que leurs droits garantis par la Charte \u00e9taient prot\u00e9g\u00e9s. Or, l\u2019OSSNR a constat\u00e9 que dans certains cas, comme le montre le pr\u00e9sent rapport, ces droits n\u2019ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 prot\u00e9g\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Le gouvernement du Canada est responsable de la protection de ses employ\u00e9s, de ses informations et de ses biens. Or, les menaces qui p\u00e8sent sur le Canada et les Canadiens sont r\u00e9elles. En l\u2019occurrence, le filtrage de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 est le principal moyen dont dispose le gouvernement pour d\u00e9terminer la loyaut\u00e9 d\u2019une personne envers le Canada avant de lui confier l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux informations ou aux installations sensibles qui lui permettront d\u2019exercer ses fonctions en tant que fonctionnaire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    L\u2019examen de l\u2019OSSNR sur l\u2019utilisation, par le CST, du polygraphe pour le filtrage de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 est important, car il est le premier suivant lequel un organisme de surveillance ind\u00e9pendant du Canada proc\u00e8de \u00e0 une \u00e9valuation aussi approfondie et compl\u00e8te des activit\u00e9s d\u2019un tel programme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    D\u00e8s le d\u00e9part, l\u2019OSSNR a \u00e9tabli que cet examen ne pouvait \u00eatre men\u00e9 \u00e0 bien sans la possibilit\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9valuer la conduite r\u00e9elle des tests polygraphiques, mais qu\u2019il \u00e9tait essentiel de mettre en place des mesures de protection appropri\u00e9es visant \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger l\u2019anonymat des personnes se soumettant auxdits tests. De fait, comme le d\u00e9montre le pr\u00e9sent rapport, l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux enregistrements a \u00e9t\u00e9 essentiel dans la mesure o\u00f9 il a permis \u00e0 l\u2019OSSNR de faire bon nombre de constatations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    En outre, le pr\u00e9sent examen tombe \u00e0 point nomm\u00e9, alors que le SCT examine et met \u00e0 jour sa Norme sur le filtrage de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de 2014. Or, l\u2019importance du filtrage de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 devrait inciter le SCT \u00e0 entreprendre une analyse approfondie permettant d\u2019attester les outils de filtrage qu\u2019il pr\u00e9conise et exige, tout en gardant \u00e0 l\u2019esprit que le filtrage de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 ne donne pas \u00e0 une organisation le droit de passer outre aux protections fondamentales de la vie priv\u00e9e accord\u00e9es par le droit canadien.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Le gouvernement a maintenant l\u2019occasion de corriger les erreurs du pass\u00e9 et de proc\u00e9der \u00e0 une \u00e9valuation et une analyse compl\u00e8tes et n\u00e9cessaires permettant d\u2019\u00e9tablir avec rigueur si l\u2019utilisation du polygraphe est justifi\u00e9e dans le contexte du filtrage de s\u00e9curit\u00e9. Nous esp\u00e9rons que le gouvernement tiendra compte de nos constatations et de nos recommandations, lesquelles pourraient s\u2019av\u00e9rer utiles pendant que le SCT proc\u00e8de \u00e0 une mise \u00e0 jour qui s\u2019impose depuis longtemps.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3255,"parent":5040,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-nsira-subpages.php","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[19,24],"tags":[64,78,74,86],"yoast_head":"\nReview of the Communications Security Establishment\u2019s Use of the Polygraph for Security Screening: Backgrounder - National Security and Intelligence Review Agency<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nsira-ossnr.gc.ca\/fr\/examens\/nos-examens\/21-05\/fiche-dinformation-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_CA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Review of the Communications Security Establishment\u2019s Use of the Polygraph for Security Screening: Backgrounder - 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