{"id":10158,"date":"2025-05-29T09:23:54","date_gmt":"2025-05-23T13:23:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.nsira-ossnr.gc.ca:9174\/backgrounder-2\/"},"modified":"2025-05-29T13:37:15","modified_gmt":"2025-05-29T17:37:15","slug":"backgrounder","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/nsira-ossnr.gc.ca\/fr\/examens\/nos-examens\/22-12\/fiche-dinformation-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Public Safety and Canadian Security Intelligence Service Accountability Mechanisms: Backgrounder"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\n M\u00e9canismes de reddition de comptes de S\u00e9curit\u00e9 publique et du Service canadien du renseignement de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 <\/h1>\n\n
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\n Fiche d'information <\/h2>\n \n \n\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
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Fiche d'information<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

En septembre 2022, le ministre de la S\u00e9curit\u00e9 publique de l\u2019\u00e9poque, l\u2019honorable Marco Mendicino, a demand\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019Office de surveillance des activit\u00e9s en mati\u00e8re de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 nationale et de renseignement (OSSNR) d\u2019effectuer un examen \u2014 appel\u00e9 un \u00ab renvoi \u00bb \u2014 pour d\u00e9terminer si le Service canadien du renseignement de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 (SCRS) et le minist\u00e8re de la S\u00e9curit\u00e9 publique (SP) offraient un soutien favorable \u00e0 la responsabilit\u00e9 minist\u00e9rielle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cet examen a port\u00e9 sur trois domaines cl\u00e9s, soit le mod\u00e8le d\u2019\u00e9valuation des risques du SCRS, les directives minist\u00e9rielles et les m\u00e9canismes de communication d\u2019information avec le Ministre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce renvoi a permis de r\u00e9examiner une question de longue date concernant le niveau appropri\u00e9 de contr\u00f4le minist\u00e9riel sur un organisme renseignement. Cette question \u00e9tait au c\u0153ur de la Commission d\u2019enqu\u00eate McDonald du d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1980, qui s\u2019\u00e9tait pench\u00e9e sur les fautes commises par le service de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de la GRC et qui a finalement abouti \u00e0 la cr\u00e9ation du SCRS. D\u2019apr\u00e8s les conclusions de la Commission, un ministre ne devrait pas g\u00e9rer les \u00ab op\u00e9rations quotidiennes \u00bb d\u2019un organisme de renseignement, mais il doit conserver le droit de donner des directives, \u00e0 condition qu\u2019elles soient conformes \u00e0 la loi. La Commission a rejet\u00e9 l\u2019id\u00e9e que le service de renseignement devrait fonctionner pareillement aux services de police, lesquels jouissent d\u2019une plus grande ind\u00e9pendance op\u00e9rationnelle. Elle a plut\u00f4t estim\u00e9 que la solution ne consistait pas \u00e0 r\u00e9duire le contr\u00f4le exerc\u00e9 par le gouvernement, bien que les organismes de renseignement doivent \u00eatre prot\u00e9g\u00e9s contre toute ing\u00e9rence politique. Il faudrait plut\u00f4t mettre en place un syst\u00e8me complet d\u2019examen sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9 permettant de veiller \u00e0 ce que les activit\u00e9s du renseignement soient assujetties au principe de reddition de compte et demeurent conformes \u00e0 la loi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019OSSNR a accept\u00e9 le renvoi pour deux raisons principales. Premi\u00e8rement, les questions du Ministre ont soulev\u00e9 d\u2019importantes pr\u00e9occupations quant \u00e0 savoir si les ministres sont ad\u00e9quatement outill\u00e9s pour assurer un contr\u00f4le \u00e9clair\u00e9, lequel constitue un principe fondamental de la gouvernance d\u00e9mocratique. Deuxi\u00e8mement, les circonstances \u00e9taient inhabituelles : contrairement aux questions op\u00e9rationnelles typiques qui ne concernent que le Ministre et le SCRS, cette affaire mettait en cause des acteurs aux plus hauts \u00e9chelons de la hi\u00e9rarchie politique du gouvernement du Canada. Bien que les renseignements op\u00e9rationnels demeurent classifi\u00e9s, l\u2019OSSNR a constat\u00e9 que les directives d\u00e9coulant de ces interventions plus vastes avaient entra\u00een\u00e9 des risques inutiles pour les op\u00e9rations du SCRS et avaient nui \u00e0 la r\u00e9putation du Canada sur la sc\u00e8ne internationale. Le rapport qualifie ces acteurs comme \u00e9tant \u00ab des acteurs\/des d\u00e9cisionnaires de la sph\u00e8re politique \u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019examen de l\u2019OSSNR a fait ressortir plusieurs sources de pr\u00e9occupation importantes, notamment la pertinence des directives donn\u00e9es au SCRS par des acteurs politiques autres que le ministre de la S\u00e9curit\u00e9 publique ou le directeur du SCRS, contrairement \u00e0 la Loi sur le SCRS; l\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 en temps voulu et l\u2019exactitude des renseignements que le SCRS et le minist\u00e8re de la S\u00e9curit\u00e9 publique fournissent au Ministre; la clart\u00e9 et la mise en \u0153uvre coh\u00e9rente des directives minist\u00e9rielles donn\u00e9es au SCRS; et l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 des processus d\u2019\u00e9valuation des risques du SCRS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019un des principaux facteurs \u00e0 l\u2019origine de ces probl\u00e8mes est le fait que S\u00e9curit\u00e9 publique se fie au SCRS pour reconna\u00eetre et communiquer les renseignements pertinents, ce qui limite la capacit\u00e9 du minist\u00e8re \u00e0 soutenir le Ministre de mani\u00e8re ind\u00e9pendante et \u00e0 lui faire acqu\u00e9rir une compr\u00e9hension approfondie des activit\u00e9s du SCRS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ces constatations donnent \u00e0 penser que le ministre de la S\u00e9curit\u00e9 publique ne re\u00e7oit pas toujours un soutien complet et rapide lorsqu\u2019il prend des d\u00e9cisions au sujet du SCRS. Cette lacune pose des risques pour ce qui a trait \u00e0 l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 du contr\u00f4le d\u00e9mocratique et au respect du principe de responsabilit\u00e9 minist\u00e9rielle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour r\u00e9soudre ces difficult\u00e9s, l\u2019OSSNR a formul\u00e9 six recommandations ax\u00e9es sur l\u2019am\u00e9lioration de la communication d\u2019information au sein du gouvernement, le renforcement des m\u00e9canismes de responsabilisation et la clarification de ce qui constitue des directives minist\u00e9rielles l\u00e9gales et efficaces.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2200,"parent":9252,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-nsira-subpages.php","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[24],"tags":[69,77,80,88,87,74],"yoast_head":"\nPublic Safety and Canadian Security Intelligence Service Accountability Mechanisms: Backgrounder - National Security and Intelligence Review Agency<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nsira-ossnr.gc.ca\/fr\/examens\/nos-examens\/22-12\/fiche-dinformation-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_CA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Public Safety and Canadian Security Intelligence Service Accountability Mechanisms: Backgrounder - 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